Multi-Soil-Layering, the Emerging Technology for Wastewater Treatment: Review, Bibliometric Analysis, and Future Directions

Due to its unique structure and excellent purification efficiency (e.g., 98% for organic matter between 94 100% nutrients), multi-soil-layering (MSL) has emerged as an efficient eco-friendly solution wastewater treatment environmental protection. Through infiltration-percolation, this soil-based technology allows pollutants move from the MSL upper layers outlet while maintaining direct contact with media, which helps in their removal via a variety of physical biochemical mechanisms. This paper attempts comprehensively evaluate application investigate progress efficacy since emergence. Thus, it will attempt bibliometric analysis using Web Science database (from 1993 1 June 2022) related technology, give clear picture number publications (70 studies), most active academics, countries (China 27 well collaborations topics. Furthermore, through hybrid combinations, pollutant processes, effective key parameters, review seek provide overview research that developed examined inception. On other hand, current modeling approaches used explore behavior terms simulation performance (R2 > 90%). However, despite increase past years 13 studies 2021), many are still needed fill knowledge gaps urging challenges regarding emerging technology. recommendations on improving stability sustainability MSLs highlighted.